Detection of Host Habitat by Parasitoids Using Cues Associated With Mycangial Fungi of the Mountain Pine Beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae
نویسندگان
چکیده
Cues used by parasitoids to detect habitat of the mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), were investigated by observing parasitoid attraction to logs infested with D. ponderosae, logs inoculated with one or both of the symbiotic fungi of D. ponderosae (Grosmannia clavigera (Rob.-Jeffr. & R.W. Davidson) Zipfel, Z.W. de Beer & M.J. Wingf. (Ophiostomataceae) and Ophiostoma montium (Rumbold) Arx (Ophiostomataceae)), logs containing no beetles or fungi, or empty screen cylinders. Captures of Heydenia unica Cook and Davis (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) and Rhopalicus pulchripennis (Crawford) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) on logs with both G. clavigera and O. montium were greater than those from control treatments. These results suggest that characteristics of tree tissues simultaneously colonized by the two symbiotic fungi facilitate a detectable change in the volatile compounds released from D. ponderosae-attacked trees that may be used by parasitoids to locate hosts. Résumé—Nous étudions les signaux utilizés par les parasitoïdes pour détecter l’habitat du dendroctone du pin ponderosa, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), en observant l’attrait des parasitoïdes pour des troncs infestés par D. ponderosae, des troncs inoculés par l’un ou les deux champignons symbiotes de D. ponderosae (Grosmannia clavigera (Rob.-Jeff. & R.W. Davidson) Zipfel, Z.W. de Beer & M.J. Wingf. (Ophiostomataceae) et Ophiostoma montium (Rumbold) Arx (Ophiostomataceae)), des troncs ne contenant ni coléoptères ni champignons et des cylindres vides en grillage. Les captures d’Heydenia unica Cook et Davis (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) et de Rhopalicus pulchripennis (Crawford) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) sur des troncs portant à la fois G. clavigera et O. montium sont plus importantes que sur les troncs témoins. Ces résultats indiquent que les caractéristiques associées aux tissus des arbres colonizés simultanément par les deux champignons symbiotes entraînent un changement perceptible dans la libération des substances volatiles par les arbres attaqués par D. ponderosae et que ces changements peuvent être utilizés par les parasitoïdes pour repérer leurs hôtes. [Traduit par la Rédaction]
منابع مشابه
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